Protein primary structure: Amino acids
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چکیده
Numerous biological functions are performed by proteins. These include oxygen transport and storage (hemoglobin and myoglobin, respectively), muscle functioning (titin), growth of bones (collagen), cell adhesion (fibronectin) etc. The diversity in functions suggests a wide diversity in protein structures. Indeed, proteins show remarkable variation in size and shape. The largest protein, titin, consists of about 30,000 amino acids and includes approximately 300 domains. Collagen is composed of three individual chains, which are wound in a triple helix elongated structure (Fig. 1). One of the smallest proteins is WW domain (FBP28, shown in Fig. 1), which contains from 35 to 40 amino acids and is stable without disulfide bonds. The WW domains adopt a β-sheet structure in their native state, which includes only three β-strands.
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